Glossary of Democratic Transformation

This glossary has been developed as part of the TRANS4DEMO project to clarify key terms shaping contemporary debates around democracy, environmental change, and societal transformation. All definitions are based on open-access and authoritative sources, and reflect the project’s commitment to fostering inclusive and critical engagement with the challenges of systemic change in the 21st century.

D

Democratic Contestation

Democratic contestation is the active dispute and negotiation of political ideas, values, and institutional arrangements. It is a sign of democratic vitality, allowing for pluralism, dissent, and the...

Democratic Governance

Democratic governance refers to systems and processes of governing that are grounded in democratic principles such as participation, transparency, accountability, and respect for the rule of law. It...

Democratic Renewal

Democratic renewal refers to the process of reinvigorating democratic institutions, norms, and practices to address current societal challenges. It aims to increase transparency, accountability, and...

F

Fundamental Rights

Fundamental rights are the basic legal protections and freedoms guaranteed to all individuals within a democratic society. These include rights such as freedom of expression, equality before the law...

G

Grassroots

Grassroots initiatives are locally-driven, bottom-up efforts by citizens or communities to influence change on issues that affect them directly. These movements typically rely on volunteer engagement...

I

Inclusive Citizenship

Inclusive citizenship involves ensuring that all members of society, regardless of background, identity, or status, can participate fully in political, social, and economic life. It challenges...

P

Political Movements

Political movements are collective efforts by citizens or groups to advocate for social, political, or environmental change. They often emerge in response to perceived injustices or unaddressed needs...

Populism (Illiberal)

Illiberal populism describes political movements or leaders who claim to represent the 'true people' against corrupt elites, while simultaneously undermining democratic norms and pluralism. These...

R

Reflexive Governance

Reflexive governance is a mode of decision-making that embraces learning, feedback, and adaptability in the face of uncertainty and complexity. It involves continuous self-evaluation and openness to...

Repertoires of Engagement

Repertoires of engagement refer to the range of actions and strategies citizens use to participate in political and civic life. These include formal mechanisms such as voting and public consultations...

Rule of Law

The rule of law is a foundational principle of democratic governance, ensuring that all individuals and institutions are subject to and accountable under the law. It demands laws that are publicly...

S

Sustainability Transitions

Sustainability transitions are profound and long-term changes in societal systems such as energy, food, or transport, towards more sustainable modes of production and consumption. These shifts are...

T

Twin Transitions

Twin transitions refer to the concurrent digital and green transitions shaping 21st-century governance and economies. These shifts aim to decarbonise the economy while harnessing digital technologies...